Only some satellites are large enough, reflective enough, and on low enough orbits to be seen by the naked eye, but on a good night I have seen between five and 10 of them in a few hours of watching. A typical satellite can be visible for several minutes.
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The International Space Station (ISS) is a multi-nation laboratory, orbiting 248 miles (400 kilometers) above our heads. It perhaps comes as no surprise that the ISS can easily be seen and tracked from Earth. The colossal structure reflects sunlight and appears as a bright white pinpoint of light in the sky.
Satellite tracking is possible with the naked eye. Some satellites have large reflecting surfaces and under certain conditions they reflect sunlight to the earth thus rendering them visible. The design of Iridium telecommunication satellites is pandering reflections to the earth.
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Just as the geosynchronous satellites have a sweet spot over the equator that lets them stay over one spot on Earth, the polar-orbiting satellites have a sweet spot that allows them to stay in one time.
The ISS moves in a circle around Earth at just the right speed. The centrifugal force pushing it away is exactly the same as the force of gravity pulling it in. This balance is called a stable orbit. And unless something happens to change it, it will continue.
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The important thing to remember is that gravity is neither a push nor a pull; what we interpret as a “force” or the acceleration due to gravity is actually the curvature of space and time ” the path itself stoops downward.
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The speed a satellite must travel to stay in orbit is about 17,500 mph (28,200 km/h) at an altitude of 150 miles (242 kilometers.) However, in order to maintain an orbit that is 22,223 miles (35,786 kilometers) above Earth, a satellite orbits at a speed of about 7,000 mph (11,300 km/h).
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The United States has the most satellites orbiting Earth, with approximately 2,804.
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Polar Satellite: Polar satellites revolve around the earth in a north-south direction around the earth as opposed to east-west like the geostationary satellites. They are very useful in applications where the field vision of the entire earth is required in a single day.
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Strictly speaking, a satellite collision is when two satellites collide while in orbit around a third, much larger body, such as a planet or moon. This definition can be loosely extended to include collisions between sub-orbital or escape-velocity objects with an object in orbit.
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The shortest distance between Earth and space is about 62 miles (100 kilometers) straight up, which by general accord is where the planet’s boundary ends and suborbital space begins.
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The main source of power is sunlight, which is harnessed by the satellite’s solar panels. A satellite also has batteries on board to provide power when the Sun is blocked by Earth. The batteries are recharged by the excess current generated by the solar panels when there is sunlight.
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A: Satellites tend to use nuclear reactors or solar energy, instead of fuel, to power themselves. Out in space the sun is an excellent and plentiful source of energy. This is why spacecraft like the International Space Station and the Hubble Space Telescope run on solar power.
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Satellites do carry their own fuel supply, but unlike how a car uses gas, it is not needed to maintain speed for orbit. It is reserved for changing orbit or avoiding collision with debris.
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Today’s satellites are frugal with power, which is usually supplied by arrays of solar cells. A typical communications satellite needs between 1 and 1.5 kilowatts of electricity, and the space shuttle manages on 12.5 kilowatts.
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Most batteries currently used in space flight are nickel-cadmium. Also called NI-Cad, these batteries are charged by solar cells that convert the Sun’s energy to electricity.
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Most satellites have simple reliable chemical thrusters (often monopropellant rockets) or resistojet rockets for orbital station-keeping and some use momentum wheels for attitude control.
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The satellites in the very low end of that range typically only stay up for a few weeks to a few months. They run into that friction and will basically melt, says McDowell. But at altitudes of 600 km”where the International Space Station orbits”satellites can stay up for decades.
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Satellite internet is available to over 99% of the population of the US, including most (but not all) rural Americans. Since the internet signal is beamed down from satellites, you don’t need to have your home connected to a land-based internet network with wires or cables.
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The Short Answer: Satellites don’t fall from the sky because they are orbiting Earth. Even when satellites are thousands of miles away, Earth’s gravity still tugs on them.
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The speed a satellite must travel to stay in orbit is about 17,500 mph (28,200 km/h) at an altitude of 150 miles (242 kilometers.) However, in order to maintain an orbit that is 22,223 miles (35,786 kilometers) above Earth, a satellite orbits at a speed of about 7,000 mph (11,300 km/h).
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The Short Answer: Two things can happen to old satellites: For the closer satellites, engineers will use its last bit of fuel to slow it down so it will fall out of orbit and burn up in the atmosphere. Further satellites are instead sent even farther away from Earth.
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Spacecraft that orbit Earth, called satellites, are close enough to the Sun that they can often use solar power. These spacecraft have solar panels which convert the Sun’s energy into electricity that powers the spacecraft. The electricity from the solar panels charges a battery in the spacecraft.
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The current standard propellant for satellites is hydrazine-based fuel, which is highly toxic. Exposure to high levels of hydrazine can cause a host of health problems, including damage to the liver, kidneys and central nervous system.
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Lithium-ion is perhaps the most powerful battery type available, but it comes with a risk called thermal runaway ” when defects or mishandling causes a battery to overheat and explode. If a battery were to catch fire inside a pressurized capsule, such as the space station, the results could be devastating.
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Satellites do not need fuel once they are in orbit. But after few months some drag happens and it looses altitude needs raising of orbit. For this fuel is Page on required.in space only rocket engines will work.
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Like nuclear reactors, they generate electricity from nuclear energy, but differ in that they do not use a chain reaction. Although commonly called batteries, they are technically not electrochemical and cannot be charged or recharged.
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Satellites move steadily and intently, often taking three to five minutes to travel from one horizon to the other. You can expect to see 10 to 20 satellites in the hour after twilight. They often travel west to east, but a few move north to south or south to north.
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A geostationary satellite travels from west to east over the equator. It moves in the same direction and at the same rate Earth is spinning. From Earth, a geostationary satellite looks like it is standing still since it is always above the same location.
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Most communications satellites are dual spin satellites. The rotor (plastered with solar arrays) rotates rather quickly for stability while the communications platform rotates but once per day.
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Strictly speaking, a satellite collision is when two satellites collide while in orbit around a third, much larger body, such as a planet or moon. This definition can be loosely extended to include collisions between sub-orbital or escape-velocity objects with an object in orbit.
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Satellites are always falling towards the Earth, but never reaching it ” that’s how they stay in orbit. They are meant to stay there, and usually there is no plan to bring them back to Earth.
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Satellites do not have their own lights that make them visible. What you will see is sunlight being reflected off the satellite, often off the large solar arrays that provide power to the satellites.
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Cell phones do not use satellites, instead they rely on cellular towers for signal. Satellite phones are not limited to the short range of cellular networks and offer global telecommunication at the same rate, anywhere.
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However, you may have difficulties if you’re using Zoom over a satellite internet connection. Since it involves streaming video, Zoom consumes a great deal of internet data”and many satellite plans come with fairly strict data caps.
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With its new connection, the ISS now has a 600 megabit-per-second (Mbps) connection, doubling the amount of data the station can transmit and receive at any given time.
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But the reason you won’t fall off the Earth is because of the force of gravity. This pulls us towards the middle of the Earth, and keeps our feet firmly on the ground. Read more: Curious Kids: how does gravity pull things down to Earth? This is why we call the ground “below us” and the sky “above us”.
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The reason is that the Moon is never still. It constantly moves around us. Without the force of gravity from the Earth, it would just float away into space. This mix of velocity and distance from the Earth allows the Moon to always be in balance between fall and escape.
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Even if small chunks of satellites managed to hit the ground, their shockwaves could cause considerable damage. The kinetic energy of all these satellites hitting Earth would be like dropping nuclear bombs. And another similarity these satellites have with nuclear bombs? Many of them would be radioactive.