Renaissance, a French word meaning rebirth, is applied to the rediscovery and revival of interest in the art, architecture and literary culture of Antiquity which took place in Italy from the 14th century onwards, and in Northern Europe a little later.
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The Seventeenth Century started with France stable under Henry IV. His victory in the French Wars of Religion gave him an authority that had eluded the likes of Charles IX and Henry III. Louis XIII was to build on this after 1617 as was his son Louis XIV. Louis XIII inherited a very complex government system.
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In the late 1700s, France was facing a severe financial crisis due to the immense debt accrued through the French involvement in the Seven Years War (1756″1763) and the American Revolution (1775-1783).
What changed socially by the 1700’s? There had always big a big gap between the upper and lower class, but in 1700’s the middle class grew and they were wealthy and educated-bourgeoisie. Townspeople who were middle class wealthy and educated such as lawyers, bankers, educators, merchants, and doctors.
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Classic French Interior Design Also known as the traditional French interior style, this design introduces motifs and time-tested elements into modern houses. Add feature lighting and magnificent glass or candle stand-style chandeliers to the wide-corniced ceiling to bring a touch of flair into the space.
Who sings the original Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer?
Haussmann (or Haussmannian) architecture refers to the quintessential Parisian style of 19th-century architecture that still defines Paris and whose enduring appeal has made Paris one of the most visited and well loved cities in the world.
When was Rudolph Red-Nosed Reindeer Written?
French architecture From the 8th to early 19th centuries, French architects depended on royal patronage, although the 10th-century Benedictine abbey at Cluny had an influence on church architecture. During the 11th and 12th centuries, cathedrals in the Romanesque style were constructed.
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In the 20th Century European architecture was driven by styles ” Art Nouveau, De Stijl, Art Deco, Modernism, Futurism, Brutalism, Postmodernism, Deconstructivism ” but this style-driven approach to designing buildings has been fractured by new forces, especially globalism and the internet.
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In the 19th Century George-Eugène Haussmann completely redesigned and rebuilt the French capital. Jonathan Glancey describes how the city of today was born.
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French homes are generally designed as symmetrical, asymmetrical, or what is termed as the towered design. Symmetrical designs, usually seen with the French Provincial style, have massive hip roofs with the main entry door centered. The front is usually formal like the original french manors of France.
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The key features of Renaissance architecture are the use of the classical orders, mathematically precise ratios of height and width, symmetry, proportion, and harmony. Columns, pediments, arches, and domes are imaginatively used in buildings of all types.
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French Gothic architecture is a style of architecture prevalent in France from 1140 until about 1500, which largely divided into four styles, Early Gothic, High Gothic, Rayonnant, Late Gothic or Flamboyant style.
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The influence of Renaissance architecture is still felt today in a more contemporary home. Consider that the common Palladian window originated in Italy during the Renaissance. Other characteristic features of the era’s architecture include: Symmetrical arrangement of windows and doors.
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As in the Classical period, proportion was the most important factor of beauty; Renaissance architects found a harmony between human proportions and buildings. This concern for proportion resulted in clear, easily comprehended space and mass, which distinguishes the Renaissance style from the more complex Gothic.
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Renaissance architecture was a major influence on building design, and it is an era that modern architects still regularly study, as a part of their course. The creation of great churches, monuments, and buildings filtered down to even modest residences, as shown by Palladio and his villas.
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Renaissance art is marked by a gradual shift from the abstract forms of the medieval period to the representational forms of the 15th century. Subjects grew from mostly biblical scenes to include portraits, episodes from Classical religion, and events from contemporary life.
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How do the works of Renaissance artists and architects reflect Renaissance ideas? Explain. The ideas of humanism, realism, and classicism are reflected in Renaissance art. Humanists, who focused on human potential and achievements, were interested in Greek values.
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One of the big changes in art was to paint and sculpt subjects realistically. This is called realism and involves a number of techniques that make the subjects and background look like they would in real life. This also meant giving the subjects more emotional qualities.
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France and Spain, for instance, were governed by autocratic sovereigns whose rule was absolute; their colonists went to America as servants of the Crown. The English colonists, on the other hand, enjoyed far more freedom and were able to govern themselves as long as they followed English law and were loyal to the king.
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How did English colonists differ from Spanish or French colonists? Spanish and French colonist were olny going to the americas for fur trads,gold and silver. England went there to get religious freedom and land. List three of the six reasons that English colonists came to America.
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Spanish settlers tried to assimilate American Indians, while French settlers learned their customs. In addition to the fur trade, what helped Samuel de Champlain’s Quebec colony? began to buy things they had once made.
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Similarities between them were the used forms of labor and trade for their economy. Differences between them are French colonialism has more religious tolerance, warmer climates, high-quality government. While Spanish colonial cruel, intense slavery, used the war to colonize.
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Answer: France was interested in colonizing and in securing the benefits of the fur trade. That meant establishing trading posts and trading centers. The Spaniards were only interested in discovering gold that had already been mined, seizing it and shipping it back to Spain.
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2.2 ” Which of the following was a major difference between the Spanish colonies in the Americas in the 1500s and the English colonies in the Americas in the early 1600s? The Spanish adopted African slavery in their colonies, while the English relied more on American Indian labor.
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Spain colonized America because they were searching for gold and silver. They did find a lot of gold and silver when they conquered the Aztec and Inca Empires. France colonized North America because of the great amount of furs they found there.
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In what way were Spanish and French explorers alike? They both conquered American Indians. They both wanted to assimilate American Indians into their culture.
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The search for a northwest passage to Asia and the burgeoning fur trade in Europe drove the French to explore and settle North America.
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The Spanish forced American Indians to convert to Christianity while the French built relationships with them. … The French were dependent on the fur trade, while the Spanish were dependent on the sugar trade. The Spanish built relationships with American Indians, while the French forced their culture onto them.
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How did the development of the Spanish and French colonies in the late seventeenth century differ from that of the English colonies? The French were developing small trading colonies and Spain had a very fragile empire at this time. While the English were developing a strong empire of ever growing states.
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The Spanish and English colonies were slightly alike in the poor and unfair treatment of indigenous people and substantially different in religion and economic base. The Spanish and English were slightly comparable in terms of treatment of indigenous people because of enslavement of native people and taking their land.
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Motivations for colonization: The French colonized North America to create trading posts for the fur trade. Some French missionaries eventually made their way to North America in order to convert Native Americans to Catholicism.
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How did characteristics of British colonization differ from Spanish colonization? British did not allow intermarriage, Spanish had slavery, British took a lot of land. What were three reasons for the development of the slave trade? Why can the Pueblo Revolt be seen as a WATERSHED event in Spanish colonial history?
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Spanish developed extractive industries in precious metals, whereas English were more likely to establish economies based on trade. More royal control over Spanish colonies than English because English were settled to escape political and religious persecution.
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The way that the English colonies differed from the Spanish colonies was that the English colonies weren’t being funded by their home country. Instead they were losing money by being funded by joint-stock companies, which took some of the english colonies wealth.