A monomer is a chemical subunit (the beads of the chain). A polymer is a large molecule consisting of long chains of similar subunits.
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Monomers are smaller molecules, and when bonded together, make up polymers . “Fatty acids are the monomers for lipids , for example, and regardless of how they are bonded (as a saturated or unsaturated fat, for example), they will form lipids.
What is the relationship between monomers and polymers? Monomers are the building blocks of polymers. They are joined together with chemical bonds to form polymers. Polymers consist of monomers.
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The polymerization of one kind of monomer gives a homopolymer. Many polymers are copolymers, meaning that they are derived from two different monomers. In the case of condensation polymerizations, the ratio of comonomers is usually 1:1.
Why are lipids monomers? Polymers are large molecules made up of repeating subunits called monomers. Lipids are not considered polymers because they do not have true monomers. They do have building blocks called glycerol and fatty acids.
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Glycerol and fatty acids are the monomers that make up lipids.
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Proteins (polymers of amino acids) Carbohydrates (polymers of sugars) Lipids (polymers of lipid monomers) Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA; polymers of nucleotides)
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The monomer units of DNA are nucleotides, and the polymer is known as a “polynucleotide.” Each nucleotide consists of a 5-carbon sugar (deoxyribose), a nitrogen containing base attached to the sugar, and a phosphate group.
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Just remember that lipids are one of the four main types of large biological molecules, but that they don’t generally form polymers.
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monomer, a molecule of any of a class of compounds, mostly organic, that can react with other molecules to form very large molecules, or polymers. The essential feature of a monomer is polyfunctionality, the capacity to form chemical bonds to at least two other monomer molecules.
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Fatty acids are lipid monomers that consist of a hydrocarbon chain with a carboxyl group attached at the end. Fatty acids form complex polymers such as triglycerides, phospholipids, and waxes.
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Monosaccharides are carbohydrates that cannot be hydrolyzed to simpler carbohydrates. These compounds may be aldehydes or ketones, or acetals or ketals which yield an alcohol and a monosaccharide when hydrolyzed.
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Monosaccharides are carbohydrate molecules that cannot be broken down by hydrolysis2 into simpler (smaller) carbohydrate molecules. Hence, monosaccharides are at times referred to as “simple sugars” or just :sugars,” which infers that they are the simplest (smallest) of the carbohydrates.
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Disaccharides ” carbohydrates that can be hydrolyzed into two monosaccharide units; eg. Sucrose, which is hydrolyzed into glucose and fructose.
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As disaccharides travel through the body they are broken down into simple sugars, or monosaccharides, by a process called hydrolysis. This process is facilitated by enzymes called maltases, sucrases, and lactases.
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Polysaccharides can be hydrolysed under acidic conditions. Acid hydrolysis of disaccharides and polysaccharides produces monosaccharides by breaking the glycosidic links (ether bonds) between monomer units in the structure of the molecule.
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The simplest carbohydrates are called monosaccharides, or simple sugars. They are the building blocks (monomers) for the synthesis of polymers or complex carbohydrates, as will be discussed further in this section. Monosaccharides are classified based on the number of carbons in the molecule.
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Lactose is made up of galactose and glucose monosaccharide units.
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Monosaccharides (from Greek monos: single, sacchar: sugar), also called simple sugar, are the simplest form of sugar and the most basic units of carbohydrates. They cannot be further hydrolyzed to simpler chemical compounds.
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In addition to the synthetic substrate, the immobilized rat brain beta-galactosidases could also hydrolyze galactose from lactose, galactosylcerebroside, asialofetuin, and GM1-ganglioside. The hydrolysis of GM1- to GM2-ganglioside was confirmed on TLC.
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Monosaccharides are carbohydrates that cannot be hydrolyzed to simpler carbohydrates. These compounds may be aldehydes or ketones, or acetals or ketals which yield an alcohol and a monosaccharide when hydrolyzed.
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Carbohydrates are the most abundant biomolecule on Earth. They are a polymer made up of monomers called monosaccharides. These building blocks are simple sugars, e.g., glucose and fructose.
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Under strongly acidic conditions, sucrose glycosidic bonds hydrolyze rapidly at temperatures greater than 160 °C (Vukov, 1965, Clarke et al., 1997, L’Homme et al., 2003), but typical commercial acid invert processes operate below 120 °C to minimize fructose and glucose degradation.
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None of these molecules can be absorbed for the simple reason that they cannot cross cell membranes unaided and, unlike the situation for monosaccharides, there are no transporters to carry them across.
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The three most abundant polysaccharides are starch, glycogen, and cellulose. These three are referred to as homopolymers because each yields only one type of monosaccharide (glucose) after complete hydrolysis.
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The polysaccharides are nonreducing carbohydrates, are not sweet tasting, and do not undergo mutarotation.