How are the speeds of molecules of air affected as they separate from one another when escaping fro the nozzle of a party balloon? The speeds are decreased with expansion.
How are the speeds of molecules of air affected?
9. How are the speeds of molecules of air affected when the air rapidly expands? When the air expands rapidly, the average speed of molecules is reduced.
When an air molecule is hit by an approaching faster moving molecule, it rebounds with speed that is higher than its initial velocity. When it hits a receding molecule, its rebound speed is reduced.
What happens to the volume of air as it rises what happens to its temperature quizlet?
Volume increases; temperature decreases. When an air molecule is hit by an approaching, faster moving molecule, does the approaching molecule’s rebound speed increase or decrease?
When air warms up, it expands, increasing the volume of air and decreasing the density. This causes the air to rise.
How would increasing the density of air in the atmosphere affect the amount of infrared radiation returned by the atmosphere back toward earth?
The amount of infrared radiation would increase. How would increasing the density of air in the atmosphere affect the amount of infrared radiation returned by the atmosphere back toward Earth? The amount of infrared radiation would decrease.
How do loose electrons affect heat conduction?
What is the role of “loose” electrons in heat conductors? “Loose” electrons move quickly and transfer energy to other electrons that migrate through the material. If you touch the metal sides in an oven with your bare hand, you’re in trouble. But hold your hand briefly in the oven air and you’re okay.
Why do molecules change speed?
Answer. With an increase in temperature, the particles gain kinetic energy and move faster. The actual average speed of the particles depends on their mass as well as the temperature ” heavier particles move more slowly than lighter ones at the same temperature.
What process takes place when the molecules speed up?
An increase in the speed of the molecules competes with the attraction between molecules and causes molecules to move a little further apart. Cooling a liquid decreases the speed of the molecules. A decrease in the speed of the molecules allows the attractions between molecules to bring them a little closer together.
Do molecules speed up when heated?
Heating a substance makes its atoms and molecules move faster. This happens whether the substance is a solid, a liquid, or a gas.
What happens to the volume of air as it rises?
As an air mass rises its volume decreases, as does temperature. When air rises, it enters the upper atmosphere, which is colder compared to air…
What do you think happens to the air when its volume increases?
The volume and density of air change with changes in temperature. As the temperature of air increases, its volume increases and its density decreases. As the temperature of air decreases, its volume decreases and its density increases.
What increases as the density of air increases?
The air is compressed. The density increases as pressure increases. Altitude and weather systems can change the air’s pressure. As you go higher, the air’s pressure decreases from around 1,000 millibars at sea level to 500 millibars at around 18,000 feet.
What happens to air as it expands quizlet?
The heat added to a system is equal to the change in internal energy plus the external work done by the system. What happens to air as it expands? It cools.
What happens to the temperature of air when it expands?
If the total amount of heat in a parcel of air is held constant (no heat is added or released), then when the parcel expands, its temperature drops. When the parcel is compressed, its temperature rises.
What generally happens to the temperature of rising air of sinking air?
What generally happens to the temperature of rising air? Of sinking air? Rising air cools. Sinking air warms up.
How is the sun’s energy absorbed by the molecular gases as a result of the greenhouse effect?
The added greenhouse gases absorb the heat. They then radiate this heat. Some of the heat will head away from the Earth, some of it will be absorbed by another greenhouse gas molecule, and some of it will wind up back at the planet’s surface again. With more greenhouse gases, heat will stick around, warming the planet.
What will happen if there is too much carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?
They cause climate change by trapping heat, and they also contribute to respiratory disease from smog and air pollution. Extreme weather, food supply disruptions, and increased wildfires are other effects of climate change caused by greenhouse gases.
What happens to a co2 molecule when an infrared wave hits it?
The energy from the photon causes the CO2 molecule to vibrate. Some time later, the molecule gives up this extra energy by emitting another infrared photon. Once the extra energy has been removed by the emitted photon, the carbon dioxide molecule stops vibrating.
What is the role of loose electrons in heat conductors Chapter 22?
what is the role of “loose” electrons in heat conductors? They carry energy from one part of the conductor to another.
How does the temperature of a gas change when it is compressed when it expands?
How does the temperature of a gas change when it is compressed? expands? Increases when compressed and decreases when decreases when it expands.
How does heat move through radiation?
Radiation happens when heat moves as energy waves, called infrared waves, directly from its source to something else. This is how the heat from the Sun gets to Earth. In fact, all hot things radiate heat to cooler things. When the heat waves hits the cooler thing, they make the molecules of the cooler object speed up.
Do all molecules move at the same speed?
All molecules of the ideal gas does not move with same speed their average speed is same .
What happens when speed of particles decrease?
When the temperature of a liquid decreases, the speed of the particles decreases. As a result of decreased speed the force of the collisions decreases. This causes the particles to bounce off of each other with less force, which results in the particles moving closer together.
Why do gas molecules have different speeds?
Gas molecules travel at a range of speeds”some molecules move much faster than others. The average speed of a gas depends on its molar mass”the lighter the mass, the faster the average speed.
What process takes place when the molecules speed up move farther apart and absorb?
WHAT HAPPENS DURING A PHASE CHANGE? Phase change from a liquid to gas. It occurs at the boiling point of matter. Molecules speed up, move farther apart, and absorb heat energy.
What process takes place when the molecules slow down?
Condensation happens when molecules in a gas cool down. As the molecules lose heat, they lose energy and slow down. They move closer to other gas molecules.
What process takes place when the molecules slow down move farther apart and absorb heat energy?
As a gas cools, its particles slow down. When particles move slowly enough for their attractions to bring them together, droplets of liquid form. This process, which is the opposite of vaporization, is called condensation. As a gas condenses to a liquid, it releases the thermal energy it absorbed to become a gas.
How does heat affect the movement of molecules in a substance?
Explanation: When you add heat to a substance, the heat energy gets transferred to kinetic energy, and the molecules began to move a greater distance at a greater speed. When you remove heat, the opposite happens.
Why do molecules move slower at lower temperatures?
Heating matter causes particles in that matter to speed up; cooling matter causes the particles to slow down.
Which of the following will occur as the speed of the molecules in a substance increases?
Expert-verified answer As the speed of the molecules in the substance increases then the molecules tend to move apart from each other and the space the substance takes up increases, thereby decreasing the force of attraction between them.
Does air expand as rises?
A rising parcel of air expands because the air pressure falls with elevation. This expansion causes the air to cool. A falling parcel of air contracts because the air pressure increases. The contraction causes the air to warm.
What happens to an air mass as it decreases in elevation?
The decrease in air temperature with elevation is known as the atmospheric (or adiabatic) lapse rate, as shown below, and is related to decreasing air density and pressure with increasing altitude (as air rises, it expands due to decreased pressure, leading to lower temperature).
Does air go upwards?
So air, like most other substances, expands when heated and contracts when cooled. Because there is more space between the molecules, the air is less dense than the surrounding matter and the hot air floats upward. This is the concept used in the hot air balloons.
What happens when you change the volume of a gas?
Decreasing the volume of a gas increases the pressure of the gas. An example of this is when a gas is trapped in a cylinder by a piston. If the piston is pushed in, the gas particles will have less room to move as the volume the gas occupies has been decreased.
Why does volume increase as pressure decreases?
The Relationship between Pressure and Volume: Boyle’s Law As the pressure on a gas increases, the volume of the gas decreases because the gas particles are forced closer together. Conversely, as the pressure on a gas decreases, the gas volume increases because the gas particles can now move farther apart.
How do gas particles respond to an increase in volume?
How do gas particles respond to an increase in volume? Increase kinetic energy and increase in temperature.
How does air pressure affect air density?
Air pressure and density work and change together as you enter different layers of the atmosphere. As the atmosphere expands the further you get from the Earth’s surface, it becomes less dense and air pressure decreases. As you increase altitude (distance from Earth’s surface) in an airplane, air pressure changes.
How does density affect the atmosphere?
An object with a lot of material in a small space is more dense than an object that has lots of air space included. In the atmosphere, gas that is less dense has a lower concentration of molecules per volume than a denser gas and will tend to rise compared to the air around it.
What factors affect density?
Density: Why It Matters Pressure, temperature and humidity all affect air density. And you can think of air density as the mass of air molecules in a given volume. Why does that matter?
Which of the following happens when air is compressed?
Compressing the air makes the molecules move more rapidly, which increases the temperature. This phenomenon is called “heat of compression”. Compressing air is literally to force it into a smaller space and as a result bringing the molecules closer to each other.
When air expands what happens to the air temperature quizlet?
Terms in this set (25) When air is compressed, its temperature increases. When air expands, its temperature decreases.
What happens to gas as it freely expands quizlet?
What happens to gas as it freely expands? It gets more dense and heats. It gets more dense and cools.
When warm air is rising What is its effect on the air in the surroundings?
As air warms up, the molecules start to vibrate and bump into each other, increasing the space around each molecule. Because each molecule uses more space for motion, the air expands and becomes less dense (lighter).
What causes the temperature of the air to change?
The increase in greenhouse gases from the burning of fossil fuels, agricultural activities, and deforestation, which has caused global average air temperatures to increase. Around 90% of this excess atmospheric heat is absorbed by the ocean, thereby increasing average ocean temperatures.
How does air temperature affect air pressure?
Warm Temperatures Warm air causes air pressure to rise. When air molecules collide, they exert force on each other. When gas molecules are heated, the molecules move more quickly, and the increased velocity causes more collisions. As a result, more force is exerted on each molecule and air pressure increases.